| Main Title |
Determination of Radium Removal Efficiencies in Water Treatment Processes. |
| Author |
Brinck, William L. ;
Schliekelman, R. J. ;
Bennett, Dorothy L. ;
Bell, Charles R. ;
Markwood, Ira M. ;
|
| CORP Author |
Office of Radiation Programs, Washington, DC. Technology Assessment Div. ;Iowa Dept. of Environmental Quality, Des Moines. |
| Year Published |
1976 |
| Report Number |
ORP/TAD-76/5; |
| Stock Number |
PB-295 321 |
| Additional Subjects |
Water treatment ;
Radium ;
Potable water ;
Performance evaluation ;
Reverse osmosis ;
Ion exchanging ;
Lime-soda ash process ;
Natural radioactivity ;
Pilot plants ;
Water softening ;
Chemical removal(Water treatment) ;
pH ;
Iron ;
Manganese ;
Radium 226
|
| Holdings |
| Library |
Call Number |
Additional Info |
Location |
Last
Modified |
Checkout
Status |
| NTIS |
PB-295 321 |
Some EPA libraries have a fiche copy filed under the call number shown. |
|
07/26/2022 |
|
| Collation |
27p |
| Abstract |
Numerous well-water supplies for public water systems contain naturally occurring radium-226. Methods for removing radium from drinking water are needed so that drinking water treatment plants may meet the limit set in the EPA drinking water regulations for radium in drinking water. Studies were performed by State agencies at 14 cities in Iowa and Illinois to determine the radium removal efficiency of four water treatment processes. Populations served by the water treatment plants ranged from 235 to 25,000. The radium-226 concentration in the raw water was greater than 5 pCi/liter at 13 of the supplies and ranged from 3 to 49 pCi/liter. Radium removal efficiencies at plants using reverse osmosis and sodium ion-exchange processes were generally about 92%. A much wider range of removal efficiencies, 75% to 95%, was found at plants using the lime-soda ash softening process with the removal varying with process pH. Plants using iron removal processes only were found to have radium removals ranging from 11% to 53%. |
