Water users in communities which had suffered shortages were surveyed directly, conferences were held with city officials, and literature was reviewed. The study goal was to find socially acceptable and democratic methods to follow to achieve reductions in water use. Voluntary and compulsory restrictions worked equally well, but since consumers generally prefer voluntary controls, it is recommended that they be used first. Although people respond well to instructions relayed through private communications media, community officials should release official conservation requests and messages and coordinate communications. Advance preparation for releases will enhance their effectiveness. Managers should undertake a continuous public educational program to promote a better knowledge and appreciation of domestic water matters including conservation methods. Actions by managers which followed established contingency plans were most effective. (Author)