| Main Title |
Seasonal trends in blood lead levels in Milwaukee. |
| Author |
Pawel, D. J. ;
Pawel, David John. ;
Foster, C. ;
Cox, D. C.
|
| Other Authors |
|
| CORP Author |
QuanTech, Inc., Rosslyn, VA.;Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC. Office of Pollution, Prevention, and Toxics. |
| Publisher |
Technical Programs Branch, Chemical Management Division, Office of Pollution Prevention and Toxics, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, |
| Year Published |
1996 |
| Report Number |
EPA 747-R-95-010; EPA-68-D3-0004; PB2001105306 |
| Stock Number |
PB2001-105306 |
| OCLC Number |
48132319 |
| Subjects |
Lead--Toxicology--Wisconsin--Milwaukee ;
Lead poisoning in children--Wisconsin--Milwaukee ;
Lead Poisoning--epidemiology ;
Infant ;
Seasons ;
Wisconsin--epidemiology ;
Lead Poisoning--epidemiology--Wisconsin ;
Child--Wisconsin ;
Infant--Wisconsin ;
Seasons--Wisconsin
|
| Additional Subjects |
Children ;
Lead poisoning ;
Blood chemical analysis ;
Seasonal variations ;
Program effectiveness ;
Interventions ;
Environmental exposure ;
Environmental factors ;
Health screening ;
Dusts ;
Health surveys ;
Statistical analysis ;
Public health ;
Urban areas ;
Trend analysis ;
Blood lead levels ;
Milwaukee(Wisconsin)
|
| Internet Access |
|
| Holdings |
| Library |
Call Number |
Additional Info |
Location |
Last
Modified |
Checkout
Status |
| EJBD ARCHIVE |
EPA 747-R-95-010 |
|
Headquarters Library/Washington,DC |
12/30/2013 |
| EJED NPCD |
EPA 747-R-95-010 |
|
OCSPP Chemical Library/Washington,DC |
08/10/2001 |
| ELAD |
EPA 747-R-95-010 |
|
Region 5 Library/Chicago,IL |
05/16/2017 |
| ELBD RPS |
EPA 747-R-95-010 |
repository copy |
AWBERC Library/Cincinnati,OH |
10/17/2014 |
| NTIS |
PB2001-105306 |
Some EPA libraries have a fiche copy filed under the call number shown. |
|
07/26/2022 |
|
| Collation |
xi, 86 pages : illustrations ; 28 cm |
| Abstract |
Most studies on the effectiveness of interventions for reducing children's blood lead levels (PbB) have not distinguished declines in PbB due to program effectiveness from seasonal and age-related fluctuations in PbB. In this report, seasonal fluctuations and age effects in 1990-94 blood lead levels for a northern urban environment are studied, using data from 13,476 children screened for blood lead in Milwaukee, Wisconsin. The purpose was to determine whether there were seasonal and age trends, and if so, to estimate the magnitude of the trends. These estimates can then be used to help interpret studies with blood lead monitoring data, especially studies on the effectiveness of interventions to reduce blood lead levels. The Milwaukee data showed sizeable seasonal and age trends in Milwaukee children's PbB levels. Blood lead levels were about 40% higher in the summer than the winter, and about 15-20% higher at ages two to three years than at ages less than one year or ages five to seven years. Statistical methodology was developed to account for these fluctuations, so that the effectiveness of intervention programs may be quantified. These estimates are being used in studies of the effectiveness of lead interventions in Milwaukee. |
| Notes |
Includes bibliographical references (pages 42-43). |
