A reconnaissance study of the phosphate mining and milling industry was necessary to investigate the magnitude of radiochemical pollution to receiving waters. This report describes the findings of the study and other related problems associated with processing of phosphate fertilizers, such as air pollution, ground-water contamination, possible deleterious consequences of fertilizer use, effects on other receiving water uses, including shellfish and drinking water supplies, and the use of by-product material in the construction industry. Throughout the report a comparison has been made of reconnaissance sampling results with promulgated radiochemical standards and guidelines. Pollution control and analysis and water quality data are also discussed.