The overarching goal of this workshop was to evaluate the potential uses of QSAR and VFAR to advance the rapid and efficient evaluation of chemicals and microbes of potential concern. To achieve this goal, the QSAR/VFAR workshop convened toxicologists, microbiologists, chemists, engineers, biostatisticians, pharmacologists, biochemists, and risk assessment scientists to discuss the state of the science, opportunities for advancement, and practical applications. Expert panel members included researchers with expertise ranging from microbial genomics to computational toxicology and risk assessment. The workshop also included EPA scientists with expertise in the development and application of QSAR and VFAR. To facilitate discussion at the workshop, a list of charge questions was made available to the expert panel and the workshop participants.