Record Display for the EPA National Library Catalog

RECORD NUMBER: 972 OF 981

Main Title Waters for Waterflooding San Joaquin Valley, Calif., Petroleum Reservoirs.
Author Gate, George Laurence ; Carawa, W. H. ;
CORP Author Bureau of Mines, Washington, D.C.
Year Published 1970
Report Number RI-7401;
Stock Number PB-192 419
Additional Subjects ( Petroleum ; Production) ; ( Rock(Geology) ; Water injection) ; Water ; Sources ; California ; Waterflood oil recovery ; Oil recovery ; San Joaquin Valley(California) ; Reservoir engineering
Holdings
Library Call Number Additional Info Location Last
Modified
Checkout
Status
NTIS  PB-192 419 Some EPA libraries have a fiche copy filed under the call number shown. 07/26/2022
Collation 22p
Abstract
Five possible sources of water for waterflooding of petroleum reservoirs in the arid San Joaquin Valley of California were considered. Three of them (water produced with petroleum, water from a shallow saline aquifer, and waste irrigation water) were analyzed chemically; laboratory information for one (sea water) had been developed during a previous study. A series of laboratory tests made on the fifth source (fresh water) determined the solubility of calcium sulfate dihydrate in water. Laboratory analyses included the following: Chemical analyses of water produced with petroleum and waste irrigation water; solubility of calcium sulfate dihydrate in water and brines; the effect of excess sulfate on the solubility of calcium sulfate in brines; the presence of sulfate-reducing bacteria; and the permeability of cores from a petroleum reservoir to air, to water from other petroleum reservoirs, and to waste irrigation water. The results showed that most of the waters and mixtures of waters are compatible with petroleum reservoir waters and are generally suitable for injection. The calcium content of some of the formation waters is quite high, and care must be taken to prevent precipitation of calcium sulfate dihydrate. The permeability of the few cores tested was about the same to water and brines as to air, indicating that formation damage due to clay swelling will not be serious. The waters most likely to be available for injection are water produced with petroleum, water from shallow saline aquifers, and waste irrigation water. (Author)