Record Display for the EPA National Library Catalog

RECORD NUMBER: 621 OF 1860

Main Title Developmental Toxicity of Dichloroacetonitrile: A By-Product of Drinking Water Disinfection.
Author Smith, M. K. ; Randall, J. L. ; Stober, J. A. ; Read, E. J. ;
CORP Author Health Effects Research Lab., Cincinnati, OH. Toxicology and Microbiology Div. ;Environmental Health Research and Testing, Inc., Cincinnati, OH. ;Computer Sciences Corp., Cincinnati, OH.
Publisher c1989
Year Published 1989
Report Number EPA/600/J-89/063;
Stock Number PB90-103698
Additional Subjects Toxicity ; Disinfection ; Rats ; Animal physiology ; Embryos ; Lethal dosage ; Body weight ; Reprints ; Teratogens ; Drinking water ; Dichloroacetonitrile ; Dose-response relationships ; Malformations ; Bones ; Water pollution effects(Animals) ; Cardiovascular system ; Urogenital system
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Status
NTIS  PB90-103698 Some EPA libraries have a fiche copy filed under the call number shown. 07/26/2022
Collation 10p
Abstract
Dichloroacetonitrile (DCAN), a by-product of drinking water disinfection formed by reaction of chlorine with background organic materials, was evaluated for its developmental effects in pregnant Long-Evans rats. Animals were dosed by oral intubation on gestation days 6-18 (plug = 0) with 0, 5, 15, 25, or 45 mg/kg/day. Tricaprylin was used as a vehicle. The highest dose tested (45 mg/kg) was lethal in 9% of the dams and caused resorption of the entire litter in 60% of the survivors. Embryo lethality averaged 6% per litter at the low dose and 80% at the high dose and was statistically significant at 25 and 46 mg/kg/day. The incidence of soft tissue malformations was dose related and was statistically significant at doses toxic to the dam (45 mg/kg). These anomalies were principally in the cardiovascular (interventricular septal defect, levocardia, and abnormalities of the major vessels) and urogenital (hydronephrosis, rudimentary bladder and kidney, fused ureters, pelvic hernia, cryptorchidism) systems. The frequency of skeletal malformations (fused and cervical ribs) was also dose related and significantly increased at 45 mg/kg. The no-observed-adverse-effect dose for toxicity in pregnant Long-Evans rats was established by statistical analysis to be 15 mg/kg/day. (Copyright (c) 1989 The Society of Toxicology.)