The purpose of the Workshop on Scientific Data Management (SDM) for Government Agencies (June 29-July 1, 2010) was to provide a forum for federal practitioners of SDM to share best practices in data management policy and planning. Practitioners at the workshop included researchers, science managers, policy analysts, operational users, and data managers. This report documents the results of the workshop. The workshop was structured to take advantage of the depth of scientific data management experience available within the federal agencies. An extensive reading list was provided to participants in advance of the conference. A preconference survey was conducted to explore participant positions on key topics in SDM policy and planning. Plenary speakers at the workshop shared their experiences with data policy and planning in their federal science programs. These speakers were selected to represent a full spectrum of scientific data categories. Categories included remotely sensed data, data from field observations, large- and small-scale laboratory data, model data, and data from publications. A significant part of the program was devoted to structured breakout sessions to allow participants ample time to share their experiences, insights, and expertise in SDM policy and planning.