"June 2004."

Why non-incineration technologies are preferable to incineration -- Incinerators emit toxic air pollutants -- Incineration ash is potentially hazardous -- Incinerators are expensive -- Incinerators must meet new emission limits -- International Convention on the Elimination of Persistent Organic Pollutants (POPs) -- Waste reduction and segregation - the basic concept for the introduction of non-incineration technologies -- Medical waste categories -- Non-incineration technologies - general categories and processes -- Low-heat thermal processes -- Chemical processes -- Irradiative processes -- Biological processes -- Mechanical processes -- Low-heat thermal technologies: autoclaves, microwaves and other steam based systems -- Systems based on hot steam application - autoclaves, retorts -- Microwave systems -- Low-heat thermal technologies - dry heat systems -- Chemical based technologies -- Biological systems -- Small sharps treatment units -- Factors to consider in selecting a non-incineration technology -- Economics of treatment technologies -- Non-incineration treatment technologies in Europe - case studies -- The Centre Hospitaliere in Roubaix, France -- Hospital waste management in Portugal -- Ireland has decided to treat hospital waste by a non-incineration technology -- Slovenia has treated infectious waste using hot steam mobile units since 1995.