1. Molecular decay of plant biopolymers -- 2. Distribution of cutan in modern leaves -- 3. Organic preservation in fossil leaves -- 4. Migration of organic molecules from sediments to fossil -- 5. Molecular plant transformation of biopolymers in high P-T conditions -- 6. Molecular decay of arthropod biopolymers -- 7. Molecular preservation in Eurypterids -- 8. Transformation of arthropod biopolymers in high P-T conditions -- 9. Molecular preservation in graptolites -- 10. Molecular transformation of bacteria in high P-T conditions -- 11. Preservation of organic fossils in Las Hoyas formation, Spain. This book provides an overview, research compendium and an introduction to the science of molecular paleontology, including literature overview for non-geochemists. Analytical methods employed are included as a part of each chapter that underpin this branch of paleontology and indeed geochemistry. The primary usefulness of this volume is for organic geochemists, molecular palaeontologists, and molecular archeologists. Researchers, graduate students and academics interested in astrobiology from a paleontological perspective may also find this to be valuable.