In 1976 the North Atlantic Council approved a Pilot Study proposed by the Committee on the Challenges of Modern Society to investigate certain limited fields of endeavour in the area of Nutrition and Health. It was agreed at the initial meeting between representatives of participating countries that the study would examine the means by which government agencies attempt to change dietary habits or nutrient intakes, and the purpose and effectiveness of such attempts. The intent of a questionnaire, sent out in the summer of 1976, was to establish the present situation in NATO Countries. This documentation was examined at a one-day meeting of the Pilot Study Group held in Brussels at NATO Headquarters, Monday, March 7, 1977. Recommendations were made on strategies to deal with the nutritional problems of modern society.