Chapter 1 discusses the processes involved in metal shaping and removal and provides in-depth background on the properties and types of metalworking fluids. This Chapter also includes an overview of heat treating, brazing and soldering, adhesive joining, welding, tumbling, buffing, polishing, and honing. Chapter 2 highlights the common waste streams associated with typical metal fabrication and machining processes. It also provides an overview of the federal regulations that pertain to metal fabrication processes. Chapter 3 provides an overview of pollution prevention opportunities in metal fabrication processes. It highlights the 'low-hanging fruit' and introduces some of the techniques and technologies that will be covered in more depth in later chapters. Chapter 4 covers the fluid selection process, fluid maintenance programs and technologies, and fluid application techniques. Chapter 5 will discuss recently developed dry machining techniques and technologies and three other innovative pollution prevention technologies: waterjet cutting, laser cutting, and electronic discharge machining (EDM). Chapter 6 covers techniques for reducing or eliminating waste generation from heat treating, brazing and soldering, and adhesive joining operations.