Sequences in Space -- Optimal Pairwise Alignment -- Biological Sequences and the Exact String Matching Problem -- Fast Alignment: Genome Comparison and Database Searching -- Multiple Sequence Alignment -- Sequence Profiles and Hidden Markov Models -- Gene Prediction -- Sequences in Time -- Phylogeny -- Sequence Variation and Molecular Evolution -- Genes in Populations: Forward in Time -- Genes in Populations: Backward in Time -- Testing Evolutionary Hypotheses. Molecular biology has changed dramatically over the past two decades. Until the early 1990s genes were studied one at a time by small teams of researchers; today entire genomes are sequenced by internationally collaborating laboratories. In the bygone gene-centered era the accumulation of data was the rate-limiting step in research. Now that step is often data interpretation. This is increasingly dependent on computational methods and as a consequence, computational biology has emerged in the past decade as a new subdiscipline of biology. This introduction to computational biology is centered on the analysis of molecular sequence data. There are two closely connected aspects to biological sequences: (i) their relative position in the space of all other sequences, and (ii) their movement through this sequence space in evolutionary time. Accordingly, the first part of the book deals with classical methods of sequence analysis: pairwise alignment, exact string matching, multiple alignment, and hidden Markov models. In the second part evolutionary time takes center stage and phylogenetic reconstruction, the analysis of sequence variation, and the dynamics of genes in populations are explained in detail. In addition, the book contains a computer program with a graphical user interface that allows the reader to experiment with a number of key concepts developed by the authors. Introduction to Computational Biology is intended for students enrolled in courses in computational biology or bioinformatics as well as for molecular biologists, mathematicians, and computer scientists. Bernhard Haubold is associate professor at the University of Applied Sciences, Weihenstephan, Germany. Thomas Wiehe is associate professor at the University of Cologne, Germany.