1. Introductory Chapter -- 2. Noble Gases in ice cores: Indicators of the Earth's climate history -- 3. Ocean circulation traced by noble gases -- 4. Groundwater circulation and palaeotemperatures by noble gas geochemistry -- 5. Noble gases as environmental tracers in porewater of lacustrine or oceanic sediments and in fluid inclusions of stalagmites -- 6. Extraterrestrial He in sediments: From recorder of asteroid collisions to timekeeper of global environmental changes -- 7. Application of noble gases to the viability of CO2 storage -- 8. Noble gases in oil and gas accumulations 9. The analysis and interpretation of noble gases in modern hydrothermal systems -- 10. Inclusion trapped fluids: tracing ancient fluids using noble gases.-.11. Noble gases as tracers of of mantle processes and magmatic degassing. The twelve chapters of this volume aim to provide a complete manual for using noble gases in terrestrial geochemistry, covering applications which range from high temperature processes deep in the Earth's interior to tracing climatic variations using noble gases trapped in ice cores, groundwaters and modern sediments. Other chapters cover noble gases in crustal (aqueous, CO2 and hydrocarbon) fluids and laboratory techniques for determining noble gas solubilities and diffusivities under geologically relevant conditions. Each chapter deals with the fundamentals of the analysis and interpretation of the data, detailing sampling and sampling strategies, techniques for analysis, sources of error and their estimation, including data treatment and data interpretation using recent case studies.