This study of the probable sociocultural impact of a proposed reservoir in central Kentucky on the institutions of local governments of a community adjacent to the reservoir uses anthropological concepts of social values and cultural and social change as well as anthropological research techniques. Data on observed impact on the same institutions in communities adjacent to two recently completed Kentucky reservoirs permit inferences as to probable directions and extent of reservoir-related change. Specific aspects of impact considered include: effects of reduction of the county tax base due to Federal acquisition of lands, including necessity for increases severity of taxes and changes in assessments, problems related to effective planning and zoning, potential benefits from development or expansion of city and county potable water supply, effects of reservoir-caused highway relocation on county roads and county road maintenance, and effects of reservoir-created tourism patterns on local law enforcement.