The Long Island Sound Study (LISS) Comprehensive Conservation and Management Plan (CCMP) approved in 1994 by the States of New York (NY) and Connecticut (CT) and by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), identified the following primary action areas that continue to require coordinated and sustained action by the Management Conference: (1) hypoxia, or the lack of dissolved oxygen in the water column; (2) toxic substances pollution; (3) pathogen contamination; (4) floatable debris pollution; (5) management and conservation of living resources and their habitats; (6) land use and development; and (7) public involvement and education.