| Main Title |
Bromine chloride : an alternative to chlorine for fouling control in condenser cooling systems / |
| Author |
Bongers, Leonard H. ;
O'Conner, Thomas P. ;
Burton., Dennis T.
|
| Other Authors |
|
| CORP Author |
Martin Marietta Corp., Baltimore, Md. Environmental Technology Center.;Industrial Environmental Research Lab., Research Triangle Park, N.C. ;Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, Benedict, Md. Benedict Estuarine Lab. |
| Publisher |
Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Energy, Minerals, and Industry, Industrial Environmental Research Laboratory ; For sale by the National Technical Information Service, |
| Year Published |
1977 |
| Report Number |
EPA-600/7-77-053; EPA-68-02-2153 |
| Stock Number |
PB-271 968 |
| OCLC Number |
03937668 |
| ISBN |
pbk. |
| Subjects |
Electric generators--Cooling ;
Water--Purification--Chlorination ;
Halogens ;
Electric generators--Cooling ;
Halogens ;
Water--Purification--Chlorination
|
| Additional Subjects |
Cooling systems ;
Fouling prevention ;
Bromine halides ;
Condensers(Liquefiers) ;
Chlorine ;
Electric power plants ;
Salt water ;
Estuaries ;
Ammonia ;
Water pollution abatement ;
Sources ;
Once through cooling systems ;
Bromine chlorides ;
Stationary sources
|
| Internet Access |
|
| Holdings |
| Library |
Call Number |
Additional Info |
Location |
Last
Modified |
Checkout
Status |
| EJBD ARCHIVE |
EPA 600-7-77-053 |
|
Headquarters Library/Washington,DC |
02/11/2014 |
| EKBD |
EPA-600/7-77-053 |
|
Research Triangle Park Library/RTP, NC |
10/24/2003 |
| ESAD |
EPA 600-7-77-053 |
|
Region 10 Library/Seattle,WA |
03/23/2010 |
| NTIS |
PB-271 968 |
Some EPA libraries have a fiche copy filed under the call number shown. |
|
07/26/2022 |
|
| Collation |
171 p. in various pagings : ill. ; 28 cm. |
| Abstract |
The report gives results of a comparison of bromine chloride and chlorine for fouling control in condenser cooling systems, by evaluating their decay rate in estuarine cooling water and their fouling control effectiveness. The program was conducted at an 1100-MWe, fossil-fueled, two-unit generating facility using estuarine water for once-through cooling. The halogens were applied continuously at doses of 0.5 ppm or less. Fouling control was evaluated by observing the accumulation of fouling on glass panels exposed to treated and untreated cooling water, and on condenser performance data. Decay characteristics of the halogens were evaluated by measuring residual oxidant concentrations using an amperometric back-titration method sensitive to 5 ppb. Fouling control resulted from the presence of bromamines expected from the rapid reaction of free hypobromous acid with the ambient levels of ammonia present. Dosing requirements depended primarily on cooling water temperature. Using BrC decay and fouling response to treatment data, a control model was formulated which predicted minimum BrCl dose necessary to attain adequate fouling control. |
| Notes |
Prepared under contract no. 68-02-2158, program element no. EHE624. Issued May 1977. Includes bibliographical references (p. 55-60). |
