The report summarizes and evaluates the health hazards associated with municipal solid waste/sewage sludge composting by the windrow composting process. The occurrence and survival of pathogens, parasites, and indicator bacteria at various stages during the composting process are described. The study shows that windrow temperatures of 120F to 167F (49C-74C) maintained for at least seven days destroy pathogens and human parasites. Dog parasitic ova, however, remain intact 35 days after exposure. Considerable variation in the temperature is found at the top and bottom two inches of the windrow indicating that proper turning of the compost is essential to ensure destruction of pathogens and parasites. It is concluded that a properly composted solid waste or solid waste/sewage sludge mixture is microbiologically acceptable as a soil conditioner for gardens, farms, and lawns, or for filling areas of erosion without creating health hazards.

Report prepared by Department of Health Sciences, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, Tennessee. "Program element No. 1DB064." Includes bibliographical references (pages 45-47).