Section 405 of the Clean Water Act requires the U.S. EPA to develop and issue regulations that identify: uses for sludge including disposal; specific factors (including costs) to be taken into account in determining the measures and practices applicable for each use or disposal; and concentrations of pollutants that interfere with each use or disposal. To comply with this mandate, the U.S. EPA has embarked on a program to develop four major technical regulations: land application, including distribution and marketing; landfilling; incineration and surface disposal. The development of these technical regulations requires a consideration of pathogens as well as chemical constituents of sludge. The purpose of the report is to describe a proposed methodology and associated computer model designed to assess the potential risks to human health posed by pathogens in municipal sewage sludge applied to land as fertilizer or soil conditioner.

"April 1990." "EPA/600/6-90/002." "Office of Health and Environmental Assessment." Microfiche.

Volume 1: Methodology and computer model -- Volume 2: User's manual.