| Main Title |
Fluoride emissions from phosphoric acid plant gypsum ponds / |
| Author |
King, William Richard, ;
King, W. R. ;
Ferrell., J. K.
|
| CORP Author |
North Carolina State Univ., Raleigh.;Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, D.C. Office of Research and Development. |
| Publisher |
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, |
| Year Published |
1974 |
| Report Number |
PB 241144; EPA-R-800950; EPA-ROAP-21AFA-075; EPA/650/2-74-095 |
| Stock Number |
PB-241 144 |
| OCLC Number |
37612386 |
| Subjects |
Phosphoric acid industry ;
Phosphogypsum
|
| Additional Subjects |
Air pollution ;
Fluorides ;
Industrial wastes ;
Phosphoric acids ;
Ponds ;
Lagoons(Ponds) ;
Evaporation ;
Emission ;
Estimates ;
Wind velocity ;
Manufacturing ;
Industrial plants ;
Computerized simulation ;
Gypsum ;
Air water interactions ;
Phosphoric acid plants
|
| Internet Access |
|
| Holdings |
| Library |
Call Number |
Additional Info |
Location |
Last
Modified |
Checkout
Status |
| ELBD ARCHIVE |
EPA 650-2-74-095 |
Received from HQ |
AWBERC Library/Cincinnati,OH |
10/04/2023 |
| ELBD ARCHIVE |
EPA 650-2-74-095 |
|
AWBERC Library/Cincinnati,OH |
05/03/2022 |
| ESAD |
EPA 650-2-74-095 |
|
Region 10 Library/Seattle,WA |
10/17/2003 |
| NTIS |
PB-241 144 |
Some EPA libraries have a fiche copy filed under the call number shown. |
|
07/26/2022 |
|
| Collation |
vi, 316 pages : illustrations, maps, graphs ; 29 cm |
| Abstract |
The report gives results of a study of fluoride emissions from ponds receiving process water from wet-process phosphoric acid plants. Volatile fluorine compounds accumulate in water used in the manufacture of phosphoric acid by the wet-process method. This process water is routed to ponds for cooling and eventual re-use. While in the ponds, some of the fluorine compounds evaporate, becoming air pollutants. Emission estimates were developed from the pond-to-air mass transfer coefficient and the vapor pressure of fluorine over pond water. These estimates were tested by measurements of ambient-air, fluorine-compound concentrations downwind of the ponds. Comparing the measured ambient air concentrations with concentrations predicted from the emission estimates and a standard atmospheric pollutant dispersion model demonstrated the validity of the emission estimates. |
| Notes |
"EPA-650/2-74-095." "PB-241 144." Includes bibliographical references (pages 116-118). |
