Chemical properties and toxicity studies for dimethylamine (DMA) are reviewed. At 25 C, DMA is a water-soluble, colorless, flammable gas, with both natural and anthropogenic sources. Body burden of DMA is due to rapid absorption of inhaled or ingested DMA, along with endogenous formation; urinary excretion of unmetabolized compound is primary route of elimination. Microsomal enzymes in nose and liver convert DMA to formaldehyde. DMA in the stomach in presence of nitrite and acid conditions can be converted to nitrosamines. Chronic inhalation studies in 2 or more species indicate concentration-dependent toxicity in nasal mucosa with no other tissues affected except small decrease in body weight at 175 ppm. There is no evidence for carcinogenicity, mutagenicity; there are no data on teratogenic or reproductive effects. Human data available are limited to secondary reports of eye irritation at low concentration, with nose, throat, and lung irritation at 100 ppm DMA. Skin or eye contact produces severe burns. Further data are needed on ambient levels and human effects.

"Shipping list no.: 90-720-P." "September 1990." Includes bibliographical references (pages 53-64).