For the purpose of ascertaining the effects caused by air pollution on school children, a city-wide health survey was conducted on the students of elementary and junior high schools of Nagoya and the results were studied in an attempt to grasp the existing conditions. Although there were significant differences in the results of medical examinations from school to school, there was a tendency for the incidence of tonsilitis to be more frequent in the industrial belt in the southern part of the City. No significant differences were observed in height, weight or chest measurement. With the athletic aptitude tests, the endurance run test for junior high schools showed a deterioration for both males and females of schools in polluted areas in comparison to schools in non-polluted areas.