Immune Regulation and Autoimmune Disease -- Autoimmune Response and Immune Tolerance -- Priming Regulatory T Cells and Antigen-Specific Suppression of Autoimmune Disease -- Peripheral T Cell Regulation and Autoimmunity -- Anti-Ergotypic Regulation of the Immune Response -- How B Cells Contribute to Multiple Sclerosis Pathology -- Molecular Basis for Induction of Tolerance in Type I Diabetes -- Co-stimulation Regulation of Immune Tolerance and Autoimmunity -- Invariant NKT Cells and Immune Regulation in Multiple Sclerosis -- CD4+CD25+ Regulatory T Cells in Autoimmune Disease -- Immunopathogenesis of Multiple Sclerosis: Overview -- Viral Infection and Multiple Sclerosis -- Multiple Sclerosis Pathology During Early and Late Disease Phases: Pathogenic and Clinical Relevance -- CD8+ T Cells in Multiple Sclerosis -- Novel Immunotherapeutic Strategies and Emerging Treatments -- Review of Novel Immunotherapeutic Strategies for MS -- T Cell Vaccination in Autoimmune Disease -- Trivalent T Cell Receptor Peptide Vaccine for Treatment of Multiple Sclerosis Targets Predominant V Genes Widely Implicated in Autoimmune Diseases and Allergy -- Nonmyeloablative Stem Cell Transplantation for Multiple Sclerosis -- T Cell-Targeted Therapy for Rheumatoid Arthritis -- Estrogens in the Treatment of Multiple Sclerosis -- Immune Regeneration Through Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation to Restore Tolerance in Autoimmune Disease -- Cell Transplantation of Peripherally Derived Adult Cells for Promoting Recovery from CNS Injury -- Multiple Sclerosis: Future Directions and Prospects. This comprehensive volume assembles the insights and experience of over twenty experts and thought leaders in the field of autoimmune disease and immunotherapy. These discussions represent some of the newest concepts in autoimmune mechanisms and an array of new treatments that would have been considered science fiction only two decades ago. This book provides a wide-ranging review of two main arenas of current research: that of autoimmune mechanisms of disease and that of the latest developments in immunotherapy, with an emphasis upon multiple sclerosis. The conclusions reached by these authors will influence our thinking about autoimmune disease mechanisms and our methods of patient treatment in one of the fastest developing areas of modern medicine. Immune Regulation and Immunotherapy in Autoimmune Disease is an ideal book for researchers, clinicians, physicians, and graduate students in the fields of immunology, microbiology, infectious disease, virology, pharmacology, and medicine.