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Main Title Comparative Potency Method for Cancer Risk Assessment: Application to Diesel Particulate Emissions.
Author Albert, R. E. ; Lewtas, J. ; Nesnow, S. ; Thorslund, T. W. ; Anderson, E. ;
CORP Author Health Effects Research Lab., Research Triangle Park, NC.
Year Published 1983
Report Number EPA-600/J-83-200;
Stock Number PB84-182377
Additional Subjects Air pollution ; Particles ; Exhaust emissions ; Gasoline ; Toxicology ; Mutagens ; Bioassay ; Laboratory animals ; Risk ; Assessments ; Mice ; Roofing ; Coking ; Combustion products ; In vivo analysis ; Comparison ; Malignant neoplasms ; Industrial hygiene ; Public health ; Reprints ; Diesel engine exhaust ; Air pollution effects(Humans) ; Cancer ; Occupational safety and health ; Cigarette smoke ; Lung cancer
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NTIS  PB84-182377 Some EPA libraries have a fiche copy filed under the call number shown. 07/26/2022
Collation 19p
Abstract
An estimation of the human lung cancer 'unit risk' from diesel engine particulate emissions has been made using a comparative potency approach. This approach involves evaluating the tumorigenic and mutagenic potencies of the particlates from four diesel and one gasoline engine in relation to other combustion and pyrolysis products (coke oven, roofing tar, and cigarette smoke) that cause lung cancer in humans. The unit cancer risk is predicated on the linear nonthreshold extrapolation model and is the individual lifetime excess lung cancer risk from continuous exposure to 1 microgram carcinogen per cu m inhaled air. The human lung cancer unit risks obtained from the epidemiologic data for coke oven workers, roofing tar applicators, and cigarette smokers. The comparative potencies of these three materials and the diesel and gasoline engine exhaust particulates (as organic extracts) were evaluated by in vivo tumorigenicity bioassays that proved suitable for this analysis: Ames Salmonella microsome bioassay, L5178y mouse lymphoma cell mutagenesis bioassay, and sister chromatid exchange bioassay in Chinese hamster ovary cells.