The Ohio River Valley Study was initiated to gather air quality data at sites representative of regional conditions in an area where current coal usage and projected increases are exceptionally large. These data were intended for use in developing source apportionment calculations to attempt to identify species contributing to fine and coarse particle mass and to identify the major pollution sources responsible for these ambient particles. Special emphasis was also directed to chemical and physical analysis of the aerosols and gases to estimate the impact of emissions from coal-fired power plants on air quality at these Ohio River Valley monitoring sites. This report describes procedures for site location and for station preparation, operation, and periodic audits. Data summaries are presented for the period May through December 1980.