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RECORD NUMBER: 15 OF 49

Main Title Consideration of Pharmacokinetics and Temporal Sensitivity for Hydroxyurea in Relation to Teratogenic Potential.
Author Beliles, R. P. ; Makris, N. G. ; Scott, W. J. ;
CORP Author Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC. Office of Health and Environmental Assessment. ;Children's Hospital Research Foundation, Cincinnati, OH. ;NGM Consulting, Falls Church, VA.
Publisher c1991
Year Published 1991
Report Number EPA/600/J-92/007 ;OHEA-C-429;
Stock Number PB92-136910
Additional Subjects Hydroxyurea ; Pharmacokinetics ; Teratogenic compounds ; Antineoplastic agents ; Monkeys ; Embryo ; Mathematical models ; Humans ; Rats ; Dose-response relationships ; Reprints ;
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NTIS  PB92-136910 Some EPA libraries have a fiche copy filed under the call number shown. 07/26/2022
Collation 12p
Abstract
A compartmental pharmacokinetic-mathematical model for the time-dependent distribution of hydroxyurea (HU) in both the maternal plasma and embryonic fluids of pregnant rats and rhesus monkeys was developed. Across species scaling was based on maternal plasma clearance rates and compartmental sizes as a percent of the body weight of the dam. Mathematical optimization provided the compartmental transfer rates. The estimated maternal and embryonic concentrations of HU correlated well with the experimental pharmacokinetic data regarding both time and quantity for both the rat and the monkey. When the biological effective dose was considered to be the embryonic HU concentration over time (AUC), the dose to the individual embryos was higher in the monkeys (392 mg HU hr/L/day) than in the rats (69 mg HU hr/L/day) at an applied dose of 100 mg HU/kg administered to the dams. The effect of repeated doses as compared with a single dose given only on one day of gestation was examined in the rat. A human embryo dose of 69 mg HU hr/L/day was estimated to result from an i.v. dose of 10 mg/kg to the mother. This concentration produced no effect in the rat. An i.v. dose of 50 mg HU/mg was estimated to result in a human embryo dose of 353 mg HU hr/L/day which approaches a Rhesus monkey embryo dose that produced adverse effects in all embryos.