Production of Bread, Cheese and Meat -- Asian Fungal Fermented Food -- Production of Beer and Wine -- Production of Edible Mushrooms -- The β-Lactam Antibiotics: Current Situation and Future Prospects in Manufacture and Therapy -- Non-β-Lactam Antibiotics -- Insecticidal and Nematicidal Metabolites from Fungi -- Immunomodulators -- Ergot Alkaloids -- Production of Organic Acids by Filamentous Fungi.-Production of Vitamin B2 and a Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid by Fungi -- Fungal Flavours -- Industrial Applications of Fungal Enzymes -- Fungal Biotransformations in Pharmaceutical Sciences.-Fungal Biodegradation of Lignocelluloses (Hemi-)cellulose degrading enzymes and their encoding genes from Aspergillus and Trichoderma -- Fungi and their Enzymes for Pitch Control in the Pulp and Paper Industry Biosorption of Metals -- Bioherbicides -- Genomic approaches for identification of the biopolymer degrading enzyme network of Aspergillus niger -- New Trends in Fungal Biooxidation -- Fungal Soil Bioremediation: Developments Towards Large-Scale Applications. This volume gives a survey of the state of the art in the traditional fields of industrial mycology as well as of selected novel applications of fungi. The first section deals with the use of fungi in the production and processing of bread, cheese, beer and wine, traditional Asian fermentation products and edible mushrooms. The second section is devoted to the production of fungal metabolites and enzymes representing value-added products. In addition to antibiotics, alkaloids organic acids, vitamins and industrial enzymes, which have successfully been in use for decades, it is also dedicated to fungal metabolites, such as insecticidal and nematicidal compounds, immunosurppressants and flavors with promising biotechnological potential. In the next section, the recent developments in fungal biotransformation of small molecules, the bioconversion of lignocelluloses as well as the use of fungi in metal recovery are presented. The final part introduces some innovative new trends in the field of applied mycology: the preparation of fungal bioherbicides, recent genomic approaches for the identification of biopolymer degrading enzymes, current developments in using oxidative enzymes from fungi as well as new attempts to transfer fungal remediation technologies into practice.