Main Title |
Source assessment : transport of sand and gravel / |
Author |
Ochsner, J. C., ;
Chalekode, P. K. ;
Blackwood, T. R.
|
Other Authors |
|
CORP Author |
Monsanto Research Corp., Dayton, OH.;Industrial Environmental Research Lab.-Cincinnati, OH. |
Publisher |
United States Environmental Protection Agency, Industrial Environmental Research Laboratory, Office of Research and Development, |
Year Published |
1978 |
Report Number |
EPA 600/2-78-004y; MRC-DA-721; EPA-68-02-1874; PB289788 |
Stock Number |
22161 |
OCLC Number |
04584439 |
ISBN |
pbk. |
Subjects |
Gravel--United States ;
Sand--United States ;
Air--Pollution--United States
|
Additional Subjects |
Air pollution control ;
Sand ;
Gravel ;
Assessments ;
Cargo transport ;
Roads ;
Sources ;
Concentration(Composition) ;
Solutions ;
Oils ;
Chemicals ;
Particles ;
Traffic ;
Technology ;
Forecasting ;
Design criteria ;
Trends ;
Unpaved roads ;
State of the art
|
Internet Access |
|
Holdings |
Library |
Call Number |
Additional Info |
Location |
Last Modified |
Checkout Status |
EJBD |
EPA 600/2-78-004y |
|
Headquarters Library/Washington,DC |
04/21/2014 |
EKBD |
EPA-600/2-78-004y |
|
Research Triangle Park Library/RTP, NC |
04/12/1996 |
ELBD ARCHIVE |
EPA 600/2-78-004y |
Received from HQ |
AWBERC Library/Cincinnati,OH |
10/04/2023 |
DISPERSAL |
ESAD |
EPA 600-2-78-004Y |
|
Region 10 Library/Seattle,WA |
03/23/2010 |
NTIS |
PB-289 788 |
Some EPA libraries have a fiche copy filed under the call number shown. |
|
07/26/2022 |
|
Collation |
xi, 50 pages : illustrations, figures, tables ; 28 cm |
Abstract |
This report describes a study of atmospheric emissions from the transport of sand and gravel on unpaved roads. The potential environmental effect of this emission source was evaluated using source severity, defined as the ratio of the time-averaged maximum ground level concentration of a pollutant at a representative plant boundary to a hazard factor. The hazard factor is the ambient air quality standard for criteria pollutants and an adjusted threshold limit value for noncriteria pollutants. A representative sand and gravel plant processes 274 metric tons/hr, with vehicular traffic of 22 vehicles/hr. The average unpaved road length of sand and gravel plants is 2.2 kilometers, and each truck carries an average of 21 metric tons. The uncontrolled particulate emission factor for the industry due to vehicular movement is 87 g/metric ton. The source severities for particulates and free silica-containing particulates are 0.02 and 2.9, respectively. Some plants have effectively used certain control measures, such as application of oil and chemical solutions into the road surface. Future control techniques would consider the emission-influencing factors of vehicle speed, vehicle size, number of wheels, tire width, particle size distribution, and road moisture content. |
Notes |
EPA Contract No. Contract Number: 68-02-1874 "October 1978." Includes bibliographical references (pages 22-24). |