Soil Microbial Resources and Agricultural Policies -- Interspecies Altruism in Plant-Microbe Symbioses: Use of Group Selection Models to Resolve the Evolutionary Paradoxes -- Dissection of Genetic Cell Programmes Driving Early Arbuscular Mycorrhiza Interactions -- Analysis of Mycorrhizal Functioning Using Transcriptomics -- Protein Profiling Analyses in Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Symbiosis -- Coordinated Nutrient Exchange in Arbuscular Mycorrhiza -- Deciphering the Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Pathway of P Uptake in Non-responsive Plant Species -- Mechanisms Underlying Heavy Metal Tolerance in Arbuscular Mycorrhizas -- Priming Plant Defence Against Pathogens by Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi -- Reconciliation of Conflicting Phenotypic and rRNA Gene Phylogenies of Fungi in Glomeromycota Based on Underlying Patterns and Processes -- Spatial Ecology of Ectomycorrhizas: Analytical Strategies -- Spatial Heterogeneity in Mycorrhizal Populations and Communities: Scales and Mechanisms -- Response Diversity of Ectomycorrhizas in Forest Succession Following Disturbance -- AMF Associated with Indigenous and Non-indigenous Plants at Urban and Desert Sites in Arizona -- Desert Truffle Cultivation in Semiarid Mediterranean Areas. Mycorrhizal symbioses are central to the multitrophic interactions that impact plant productivity, competitiveness and survival. This book integrates present-day knowledge from well-known research groups on some of the topics which are at the forefront of mycorrhizal research. Topics include the cell programmes that drive mycorrhiza formation and function, the processes sustaining symbiotic mutualism, stress response mechanisms in mycorrhizal symbionts, and the diversity and ecological impacts of mycorrhizal systems. The efficient management of mycorrhizal systems has the potential to support the sustainable production of quality foods while ensuring environmental quality for future generations.