The problem of accelerated eutrophication may be defined as the state of a body of water resulting from intentional or unintentional, natural or man-made modifications to the aquatic environment to the extent that the ecological system supports an imbalance in the biological production and creates a nuisance or interference with a water use. This paper presents a survey of the problem of accelerated eutrophication, including a definition of the mechanism of eutrophication and an evaluation of probable sources and nature of the pollutional loads responsible for eutrophication. The problem involves a consideration of the type and quantity of nutrient material, especially nitrogen and phosphorus, from the point of view of control and the frequency and intensity of algal blooms. Both quantitative and qualitative data can be used to indicate the scope of the problem.