Upgrading Stormwater Management Facilities -- Retrofitting Urban Drainage Systems Using Best Stormwater Management Practices - Some Scandinavian Experiences -- Reduction of Runoff by Modified Trough - Infiltration Trench System - A Case Study of Leszno Town -- The Kingston Pond: A Case Study of Stormwater Pond Upgrading -- Control of Urban Runoff Stormwater Discharge to Receiving Waters Using Off-Line Storage -- Urban Tree Root Systems and Tree Survival Near Sewers and Other Structures -- City of Toronto Wet Weather Flow Management Master Plan -- Retrofitting/Upgrading Combined Sewer Overflow (CSO) Facilities -- New Regulations for the Treatment of Combined Sewage in Austria - Based on Minimum Requirements and Water Quality Criteria -- Implementation Experience of CSO Pollution Control Policies and Procedures in the UK -- Increasing Knowledge of CSO Technologies -- Upgrading the North Toronto Combined Sewer Overflow (CSO) Storage and Treatment Facility -- Improving Combined Sewer Overflow and Treatment Plant Performance by Real-Time Control Operation -- Combined Sewer Overflows into the Crati River (Cosenza, Italy) and Retention Storage Sizing -- Modernisation Problems of the Sewerage Infrastructure in a Large Polish City -- Optimising/Upgrading Sewage Treatement Plant Performance -- Extension of the Vienna Main Sewage Treatment Plant -- Improving Sewage Treatment Plant Performance in Wet Weather -- Upgrading Sewage Treatment Plants for Higher Performance by Optimising Reject Water Treatment -- Upgrading Wastewater Treatment Performance -- Bulgarian Policy and Actions for Municipal WWTPs Construction and Upgrading -- Improving STP Performance by Lime Addition -- Stream Restoration -- Restoring Natural Waterways in Denver, USA Area -- Urban Stream Restoration Structures -- Restoration of Urban River Habitat in Compliance with EU Directives -- Urban Streams - Urban Master Planning and Heavily Modified Water Bodies Designation Required by WFD -- The Zurich Stream Day-Lighting Program -- Advances in Modelling the Experimental Data on Pollutant Dynamics in Ephemeral Streams Influenced by Transient Storage in Dead Zones -- Local Scour Downstream of Grade Control Structures in Urban Stream Restoration -- Challenges in Restoring Urban Environment -- Upgrade of Water and Sewerage Facilities in Slovakia to Achieve Compliance with Major EU Directives -- Urban Water and Climate Change -- Environmental Protection Technologies for Sustainable Development -- Assessing Exfiltration from a Sewer by Slug Dosing of a Chemical Tracer (NaCl) -- Urban Wetlands in Belarus: State, Threats and Perspectives -- Restoration of Urban Waters in St. Petersburg: Social, Technical and Financial Aspects -- The Interaction Between Water and Society. As urban areas keep growing, water infrastructure ages, and the requirements on environmental protection become more rigorous, there is a continual need for upgrading water pollution control facilities and restoring degraded urban waters. Such issues are addressed in this book by focusing on five major topics: (a) Upgrading stormwater management facilities, (b) Retrofitting / upgrading combined sewer overflow (CSO) facilities, (c) Optimising/upgrading sewage treatment plant performance, (d) Urban stream restoration, and (e) Challenges in restoring urban environment. Each chapter contains some overview papers followed by research or case study papers. Besides presentations of new approaches and accomplishments in the field of upgrading and restoration, several papers provide analysis of vast needs in this field in several countries of Central and Eastern Europe, which either recently joined the European Union (EU) or are preparing for accession, and need to comply with the existing EU directives dealing with environmental protection. As such, this book will be of primary interest to researchers and university lecturers dealing with environmental upgrading and restoration, environmental planners from all levels of government, municipal engineers and politicians, and finally the private industry representatives (consultants, private utilities and environmental technology suppliers) searching for new business opportunities among the new or aspiring members of EU.