Grantee Research Project Results

Airborne particulate matter exposure and urinary albumin excretion: the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis.

Citation:

O'Neill MS, Diez-Roux AV, Auchincloss AH, Franklin TG, Jacobs Jr DR, Astor BC, Dvonch JT, Kaufman J. Airborne particulate matter exposure and urinary albumin excretion: the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis. Occupational and Environmental Medicine 2008;65(8):534-540.

Abstract:

OBJECTIVES: Understanding mechanistic pathways linking airborne particle exposure to cardiovascular health is important for causal inference and setting environmental standards. We evaluated whether urinary albumin excretion, a subclinical marker of microvascular function which predicts cardiovascular events, was associated with ambient particle exposure. METHODS: Urinary albumin and creatinine were measured among members of the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis at three visits during 2000-2004. Exposure to PM2.5 and PM10 (µg/m3) was estimated from ambient monitors for 1 month, 2 months and two decades before visit one. We regressed recent and chronic (20 year) particulate matter (PM) exposure on urinary albumin/creatinine ratio (UACR, mg/g) and microalbuminuria at first examination, controlling for age, race/ethnicity, sex, smoking, second-hand smoke exposure, body mass index and dietary protein (n = 3901). We also evaluated UACR changes and development of microalbuminuria between the first, and second and third visits which took place at 1.5- to 2-year intervals in relation to chronic PM exposure prior to baseline using mixed models. RESULTS: Chronic and recent particle exposures were not associated with current UACR or microalbuminuria (per 10 µg/m(3) increment of chronic PM10 exposure, mean difference in log UACR = -0.02 (95% CI -0.07 to 0.03) and relative probability of having microalbuminuria = 0.92 (95% CI 0.77 to 1.08)) We found only weak evidence that albuminuria was accelerated among those chronically exposed to particles: each 10 µg/m3 increment in chronic PM10 exposure was associated with a 1.14 relative probability of developing microalbuminuria over 3-4 years, although 95% confidence intervals included the null (95% CI 0.96 to 1.36). CONCLUSIONS: UACR is not a strong mechanistic marker for the possible influence of air pollution on cardiovascular health in this sample.