Skip to main content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Here’s how you know

Dot gov

Official websites use .gov
A .gov website belongs to an official government organization in the United States.

HTTPS

Secure .gov websites use HTTPS
A lock (LockA locked padlock) or https:// means you have safely connected to the .gov website. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites.

  • Environmental Topics
  • Laws & Regulations
  • Report a Violation
  • About EPA
Contact Us

Grantee Research Project Results

Rapid freeze drying system

EPA Contract Number: 68HERC21C0024
Title: Rapid freeze drying system
Investigators: Dunn, Kyle
Small Business: Dunn Infinite Designs
EPA Contact: Richards, April
Phase: I
Project Period: March 1, 2021 through August 31, 2021
Project Amount: $99,750
RFA: Small Business Innovation Research (SBIR) - Phase I (2021) RFA Text |  Recipients Lists
Research Category: Small Business Innovation Research (SBIR) , SBIR - Sustainability

Description:

Over 30% of the food produced in the U.S. is wasted, including the embodied energy and fresh water used to produce it. Food waste accounts for 20% of landfill contents, leading to substantial and avoidable greenhouse gas emissions. Adoption of freeze drying by farmers, food processors and grocery retailers provides an economically viable path to address these challenges. Farmers will recover unmarketable, cosmetically imperfect produce by offering it as a non-fresh alternative. Processors will extend inventory storage space without additional freezer units. Retailers will recover would-be spoilage by freeze drying unsold inventory before it expires, converting a cost into a revenue stream. Freeze drying is a proven technology at various scales, the key innovations needed are: 1) reduced energy input costs and 2) faster processing times. The following project aims to achieve each of these using a unique combination of low-cost thermal energy sources and rapid microwave heating The benefit for farmers, food processors and retailers is three-fold: 1) reduction in bottom line expenses through captured product waste (without new freezer space), 2) expansion in top line revenue through expansion into new retail markets (bulk freeze dried produce) 3) landfill diversion leading to reduced greenhouse gas emissions.

The potential market is substantial; U.S. businesses, farms and consumers spend an estimated $218 billion a year to grow, process, transport and dispose of food that is never eaten. Roughly 10% (~43 billion pounds) of food in grocery stores never makes it off the shelf and 30% of a grocery store’s trash is food waste. For fresh produce, about 12% of fruit and 11.5% of vegetables are never sold. Preserving food prior to the onset of spoilage can recover a significant portion of this waste. In addition to the reduced spoilage, the performance of the proposed system offers improved performance compared to similar freeze drying systems already on the market: 1) 50% reduction in energy input costs by using distributed renewable and biomass sources, 2) 50% reduction in processing time by utilizing a modular chamber design and microwave heating. Recovering 5% of the total food waste can save ~80B megajoules of energy, ~400B gallons of water, and ~4.5M tons of greenhouse gas emissions per year. The system outlined in the following proposal is a mobile design and is commercialized as a freeze drying service performed on-site and on-demand.

Progress and Final Reports:

  • Final Report
  • Top of Page

    The perspectives, information and conclusions conveyed in research project abstracts, progress reports, final reports, journal abstracts and journal publications convey the viewpoints of the principal investigator and may not represent the views and policies of ORD and EPA. Conclusions drawn by the principal investigators have not been reviewed by the Agency.

    Project Research Results

    • Final Report

    Site Navigation

    • Grantee Research Project Results Home
    • Grantee Research Project Results Basic Search
    • Grantee Research Project Results Advanced Search
    • Grantee Research Project Results Fielded Search
    • Publication search
    • EPA Regional Search

    Related Information

    • Search Help
    • About our data collection
    • Research Grants
    • P3: Student Design Competition
    • Research Fellowships
    • Small Business Innovation Research (SBIR)
    Contact Us to ask a question, provide feedback, or report a problem.
    Last updated April 28, 2023
    United States Environmental Protection Agency

    Discover.

    • Accessibility
    • Budget & Performance
    • Contracting
    • EPA www Web Snapshot
    • Grants
    • No FEAR Act Data
    • Plain Writing
    • Privacy
    • Privacy and Security Notice

    Connect.

    • Data.gov
    • Inspector General
    • Jobs
    • Newsroom
    • Open Government
    • Regulations.gov
    • Subscribe
    • USA.gov
    • White House

    Ask.

    • Contact EPA
    • EPA Disclaimers
    • Hotlines
    • FOIA Requests
    • Frequent Questions

    Follow.