Grantee Research Project Results
2001 Progress Report: Sample Conditioning System for Real-Time Mercury Analysis
EPA Contract Number: 68D00228Title: Sample Conditioning System for Real-Time Mercury Analysis
Investigators: Sjostrom, Sharon M.
Small Business: Apogee Scientific Inc.
EPA Contact:
Phase: I
Project Period: September 1, 2000 through March 1, 2001
Project Period Covered by this Report: September 1, 2000 through March 1, 2001
Project Amount: $69,935
RFA: Small Business Innovation Research (SBIR) - Phase I (2000) RFA Text | Recipients Lists
Research Category: Ecological Indicators/Assessment/Restoration , SBIR - Monitoring , Small Business Innovation Research (SBIR)
Description:
Mercury from combustion sources is a major concern to the nation's air quality. In December 2000, EPA announced that it would regulate mercury emissions from coal-fired boilers under Title III of the Clean Air Act Amendments of 1990. EPA plans to issue final regulations by December 2004, and is expected to require compliance by December 2007. The Department of Energy estimates that control of mercury emissions from coal-fired utility boilers will cost billions of dollars annually. Prior to installing a mercury control system, improved measurements of mercury emissions would allow EPA and the utility to make better decisions concerning control options. Real-time continuous monitoring of mercury would provide options for advanced process control feedback and for monitoring the performance of the control system, thus lowering the cost of mercury controls.Although a few mercury analyzers show promise for measuring elemental mercury, a reliable sampling system that allows these analyzers to measure total (particulate, vapor-phase) and speciated mercury continuously and in real time in the flue gas of coal-fired boilers is needed. Apogee is defining a new state-of-the-art in mercury measurement by developing a novel sample conditioning system (SCS) for the continuous real-time monitoring of mercury in flue gas from coal-fired boilers.
The technical objective of the Phase II program is to finalize development of a field prototype SCS allowing commercially available CVAAS or CVAFS analyzers or an Apogee-built CVAAS analyzer to measure total mercury and to differentiate between particulate, elemental, and speciated mercury in coal-combustion flue gas. Performance of the SCS/analyzer will be evaluated during Phase II using EPA's Draft PS-12.
Because CVAFS and CVAAS based analyzers detect only elemental mercury, the proposed SCS will provide three separate sample streams. In the first, flue gas is extracted and heated to thermally desorb mercury from the fly ash. All mercury is converted to elemental mercury in a reduction catalyst. In the vapor-phase sample lines, particulate is removed with an Apogee-built intertial separation system. In the total vapor-phase sample line, all vapor-phase mercury is converted to elemental mercury in a reduction catalyst. In the elemental mercury sample line, the oxidized mercury is removed in a HgCl2 removal module. In all sample lines, the gas is conditioned to remove interfering gases, dried, and stabilized prior to transport to an analyzer.
Success during the Phase I program and enthusiastic support from the Electric Power Research Institute suggest that this technique is technically viable and preliminary economic studies suggest that it will be cost effective.
Supplemental Keywords:
small business, SBIR, monitoring, analytical, mercury, coal-fired utility boilers, air emissions, EPA., RFA, Scientific Discipline, Toxics, Air, Waste, Ecosystem Protection/Environmental Exposure & Risk, air toxics, HAPS, Chemistry, Monitoring/Modeling, Environmental Monitoring, tropospheric ozone, 33/50, Engineering, Chemistry, & Physics, Environmental Engineering, Incineration/Combustion, monitoring, combustion byproducts, continuous measurement, mercury, real time, emission control technologies, coal fired utility boiler , stratospheric ozone, combustion-related pollutants, real time mercury analysis, analyzer, elemental mercury, air pollution, combustor/incinerator emissions, mercury monitoring, mercury & mercury compounds, Mercury Compounds, continuous emissions monitoring, atmospheric monitoringProgress and Final Reports:
Original AbstractSBIR Phase II:
Sample Conditioning System for Real-Time Mercury Analysis | 2000 Progress Report | Final ReportThe perspectives, information and conclusions conveyed in research project abstracts, progress reports, final reports, journal abstracts and journal publications convey the viewpoints of the principal investigator and may not represent the views and policies of ORD and EPA. Conclusions drawn by the principal investigators have not been reviewed by the Agency.