US EPA

Section 405 of the Clean Water Act requires the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency to develoP and issue regulations that identify; (1) uses for sludge including disposal; (2) specify factors (including costs) to be taken into account in determining the measures and practices applicable for each use or disposal; and (3) concentrations of pollutants that interfere with each use or disposal. o comply with this mandate, the U.S. EPA has embarked on a program to develop four major technical regulations: and application, including distribution and marketing; landfilling; incineration and surface disposal. his report is one of a series whose purpose is to use the methodology described in "Pathogen Risk Assessment for Land Application of Municipal Sludge" to develop preliminary assessments of risk to human health posed by parasites, bacteria and viruses in municipal sewage sludge applied to land as fertilizer or soil conditioner. he preliminary risk assessment includes a description of the most critical data gaps that must be filled before development of a definitive risk assessment and recommends research priorities.

U.S. EPA. Preliminary Risk Assessment For Viruses In Municipal Sewage Sludge Applied To Land. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, D.C., EPA/600/R-92/064 (NTIS PB92198548).

Project Officer: orm Kowal