IRIS

Barium and Compounds

System	RfD (mg/kg-day)	Basis	PoD	Composite UF	Confidence
Urinary	2 x 10^-1	Nephropathy	BMDL₀₅ : 63 mg/kg-day	300	Medium

Reference Concentration for Inhalation Exposure (RfC) (PDF) (34 pp, 208 K) Last Updated: 03/30/1998
Information reviewed but value not estimated.

Weight of Evidence for Cancer (PDF) (34 pp, 208 K) Last Updated: 03/30/1998

WOE Characterization	Framework for WOE Characterization
D (Not classifiable as to human carcinogenicity)	Guidelines for Carcinogen Risk Assessment (U.S. EPA, 1986)
Carcinogenic potential cannot be determined (Inhalation route)	Proposed Guidelines for Carcinogen Risk Assessment (U.S. EPA, 1996)
Not likely to be carcinogenic to humans (Oral route)	Proposed Guidelines for Carcinogen Risk Assessment (U.S. EPA, 1996)

Basis:

Under EPA's 1986 Guidelines for Carcinogen Risk Assessment, barium would be classified as Group D, not classifiable as to human carcinogenicity. Under the Proposed Guidelines for Carcinogenic Risk Assessment (U.S. EPA, 1996), barium is considered not likely to be carcinogenic to humans following oral exposure and its carcinogenic potential cannot be determined following inhalation exposure.
This may be a synopsis of the full weight-of-evidence narrative.

Not assessed under the IRIS Program.

Not assessed under the IRIS Program.

Additional EPA toxicity information may be available by visiting the following sites:

Human Health Benchmarks for Pesticides (HHBP). This database provides human health benchmarks for pesticides that may be present in drinking water.
Office of Pesticide Programs Pesticide Chemical Search. This database provides links to health effects information and registration status for pesticides.
Chemistry Dashboard. This database provides information on chemical structures, experimental and predicted physicochemical, and toxicity data.

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