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622764 
Journal Article 
State-of-the-science workshop report: Issues and approaches in low-dose--response extrapolation for environmental health risk assessment 
White, RH; Cote, I; Zeise, L; Fox, M; Dominici, F; Burke, TA; White, PD; Hattis, DB; Samet, JM 
2009 
Yes 
Environmental Health Perspectives
ISSN: 0091-6765
EISSN: 1552-9924 
117 
2 
283-287 
English 
19270800 
WOS:000262970700039 
Low-dose extrapolation model selection for evaluating the health effects of environmental pollutants is a key component of the risk assessment process. At a workshop held in Baltimore, Maryland, on 23--24 April 2007, sponsored by U.S. Environmental Protection Agency and Johns Hopkins Risk Sciences and Public Policy Institute, a multidisciplinary group of experts reviewed the state of the science regarding low-dose extrapolation modeling and its application in environmental health risk assessments. Participants identified discussion topics based on a literature review, which included examples for which human responses to ambient exposures have been extensively characterized for cancer and/or noncancer outcomes. Topics included the need for formalized approaches and criteria to assess the evidence for mode of action (MOA), the use of human versus animal data, the use of MOA information in biologically based models, and the implications of interindividual variability, background disease processes, and background exposures in threshold versus nonthreshold model choice. Participants recommended approaches that differ from current practice for extrapolating high-dose animal data to low-dose human exposures, including categorical approaches for integrating information on MOA, statistical approaches such as model averaging, and inference-based models that explicitly consider uncertainty and interindividual variability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] Copyright of Environmental Health Perspectives is the property of Superintendent of Documents and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts) 
Dose--response function; environmental health; low-dose extrapolation; risk assessment; Workshop report