IRIS Toxicological Review of Chromium III (1998 Final)
EPA is announcing the release of the final report, Toxicological Review of Chromium III: in support of the Integrated Risk Information System (IRIS). The updated Summary for Chromium III and accompanying Quickview have also been added to the IRIS Database.
Chromium in the ambient air occurs from natural sources, industrial and product uses, and burning of fossil fuels and wood. The most important industrial sources of chromium in the atmosphere originate from ferrochrome production. Ore refining, chemical and refractory processing, cement-producing plants, automobile brake lining and catalytic converters for automobiles, leather tanneries, and chrome pigments also contribute to the atmospheric burden of chromium. Chromate chemicals used as mist inhibitors in cooling towers and the mist formed during chrome plating are probably the primary sources of Cr(VI) emitted as mists in the atmosphere. Surface runoff, deposition from air, and release of municipal and industrial waste waters are the sources of chromium in surface waters.
Chromium in the ambient air occurs from natural sources, industrial and product uses, and burning of fossil fuels and wood. The most important industrial sources of chromium in the atmosphere originate from ferrochrome production. Ore refining, chemical and refractory processing, cement-producing plants, automobile brake lining and catalytic converters for automobiles, leather tanneries, and chrome pigments also contribute to the atmospheric burden of chromium. Chromate chemicals used as mist inhibitors in cooling towers and the mist formed during chrome plating are probably the primary sources of Cr(VI) emitted as mists in the atmosphere. Surface runoff, deposition from air, and release of municipal and industrial waste waters are the sources of chromium in surface waters.
Impact/Purpose
Chromium in the ambient air occurs from natural sources, industrial and product uses, and burning of fossil fuels and wood.
Citation
U.S. EPA. IRIS Toxicological Review of Chromium III (1998 Final). U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC, 1998.
History/Chronology
| Date | Description |
|---|---|
| August 1998 | EPA released the final tox report and summary document and posted these to the IRIS database. |
This document has been reviewed in accordance with U.S. Environmental Protection Agency policy and approved for publication. Mention of trade names or commercial products does not constitute endorsement or recommendation for use.