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THE EFFECT OF FLUORIDE ON THE EFFECTIVENESS OF CONVENTIONAL COAGULATION/FLOCCULATION/SEDIMENTATION USING ALUMINUM SULFATE
Citation:
Feld*, C. THE EFFECT OF FLUORIDE ON THE EFFECTIVENESS OF CONVENTIONAL COAGULATION/FLOCCULATION/SEDIMENTATION USING ALUMINUM SULFATE. Presented at Ohio AWWA Section Meeting, Dayton, OH, September 2000.
Description:
The Safe Drinking Water Act states that no drinking water facility is reuqired to fluoridate their water, however, any facility fluoridating their water is bound by the Maximum contaminant Level (MCL) of 4 mg/L. A survey of 600 large water utilities was conducted in conjunction with the USEPA's Information Collection Rule on various aspects of their operations. The survey indicated that of the 600 large sized utilities survey, approximately 40% of them fluoridate their water. In conventional water treatment, fluoride is typically added to drinking water at one of two locations. The fluoride can be added at the end of conventional drinking water treatment train. Fluoride can also be added at the point of chemical coagulant addition (rapid mix). In this case, the effect of fluoride on the coagulation process, floc properties, coagulant chemistry, and particle removal efficiency is uncertain. Approximately 15-20% of the large utilities that fluoridate do so at the location of coagulant condition.