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ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS OF THE USE OF ORIMULSION (R): REPORT TO CONGRESS ON PHASE I OF THE ORIMULSION TECHNOLOGY ASSESSMENT PROGRAM, VOLUME 2: PROJECT REPORT/SUMMARY
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NRMRL-RTP-193b Miller*, C.A., Dreher, KL, Wentsel*, R., and Nadeau*, R.J. Environmental Impacts of the Use of Orimulsion (R): Report to Congress on Phase I of the Orimulsion Technology Assessment Program, Volume 2. 2001. EPA/600/R-01/056b (NTIS PB2002-109040). 05/15/2000 The report gives results of an evaluation of Orimulsion, a bitumen-in-water emulsion produced in Venezuela, to provide a better understanding of the potential environmental impacts associated with its use as a fuel. Pilot-scale tests were conducted at EPA's Environmental Research Center in Research Triangle Park in North Carolina., to provide data on emissions of air pollutants from the combustion of Orimulsion 100 (the original formulation), Orimulsion 400 (a new formulation introduced in 1998), and No. 6 (residual) fuel oil, commonly used in the U.S. These results, and those of full-scale tests reported in the technical literature, were evaluated to determine the potential air pollutant emissions and the ability of commerc ially available pollution control technologies to adequately reduce those emissions. Results indicate that carbon monoxide, nitrogen oxide, and particulate matter (PM) emissions are likely to be nearly the same as those from No. 6 fuel oil, that sulfur dioxide emissions can increase if the Orimulsion sulfur content is higher than the fuel it replaces, that the PM generated by Orimulsion 100 and 400 is likely to be smaller in diameter than that generated by No. 6 fuel oil, and the hazardous air pollutants are also likely to be similar to those from No. 6 fuel oil. Conventional control technologies can effectively reduce emissions to very low levels.