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SYSTEMIC VASCULAR DISEASE IN MALE B6C3F1 MICE EXPOSED TO PARTICULATE MATTER BY INHALATION: STUDIES CONDUCTED BY THE NATIONAL TOXICOLOGY PROGRAM
Citation:
Moyer, C. F., U P. Kodavanti, J. K. Haseman, R. R. Maronpot, D L. Costa, AND A. Nyska. SYSTEMIC VASCULAR DISEASE IN MALE B6C3F1 MICE EXPOSED TO PARTICULATE MATTER BY INHALATION: STUDIES CONDUCTED BY THE NATIONAL TOXICOLOGY PROGRAM. TOXICOLOGICAL PATHOLOGY 30(4):427-434, (2002).
Description:
Abstract
Epidemiological studies suggest an association between ambient particulate matter and cardiopulmonary diseases in humans. The mechanisms underlying these health effects are poorly understood. To better understand the potential relationship between particulate-matter-induced inflammation and vascular disease, a two-phase retrospective study was conducted. Phase one included the review of heart, lung, and kidney tissues from high-dose and control male B6C3F1 mice exposed by inhalation to 9 particulate compounds for a 2-year period. The results showed that high-dose males developed significantly increased incidences of coronary and renal arteritis over controls in 2 of the 9 studies (indium phosphide and cobalt sulfate heptahydrate), and marginal increase in two others (vanadium pentoxide and gallium arsenide). In contrast, arteritis of the muscular arteries of the lung was not observed. Morphological features of arteritis in these studies included an influx of mixed inflammatory cells including neutrophils, lymphocytes, and macrophages. Partial, if not complete, ablation of the vascular wall architecture, often with extension of the inflammatory process into the periarterial connective tissue was observed. Phase two evaluated the heart, lung, kidney, and mesentery of male and female B6C3F1 mice from the 90-day studies of the 4 compounds demonstrating arteritis after a two-year period. The results showed arteritis did not develop suggesting that long-term chronic exposure to lower-dose particulate matter may be necessary to induce arteritis, rather than short-term high dose exposure. The data suggest that certain metallic particulate matter induce coronary and renal arteritis and that a long term course of exposure is necessary to induce this disease.
Key words: arteritis, particulate matter, cardiopulmonary, vascular disease, inhalation