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ADVANCES IN CONTROL OF PM2..5 AND PM2..5 PRECURSORS GENERATED BY THE COMBUSTION OF PULVERIZED COAL
Citation:
Miller*, C A., R K. Srivastava*, AND C B. Sedman*. ADVANCES IN CONTROL OF PM2..5 AND PM2..5 PRECURSORS GENERATED BY THE COMBUSTION OF PULVERIZED COAL. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENT AND POLLUTION 17(1/2):143-156, (2002).
Description:
Particulate matter smaller than 2.5 micrometers in aerodynamic diameter (PM2.5) is of concern due to adverse health effects associated with elevated ambient mass concentrations of PM2.5. PM2.5 from coal-fired utility boilers is composed of directly emitted (primary) particles and particles formed in the atmosphere (secondary particles) from precursors such as oxides of nitrogen and sulfur. Technologies to reduce emissions of precursors to secondary PM2.5 emitted by coal-fired utility plants include wet and dry lime and limestone flue gas desulfurization (FGD). Limestone forced oxidation (LSFO) systems are the predominant wet FGD technology in use, and lime spray dryers (LSDs) represent the predominant dry FGD systems. A model developed to predict capital and total annualized costs indicates that LSD systems have lower annualized costs than LSFO systems for coals with less than 2% sulfur and for plants smaller than 300 Mwe. Control technologies for primary PM2.5 include hybrid systems such as the combined hybrid particulate control system that employs a fabric filter system downstream of a conventional electrostatic precipitator and an electrostatically enhanced fabric filter (ESFF) system. The ESFF shows promise for control of primary particles, with increased PM2.5 collection of as much as 67% and lower fan power requirements compared to a pulse-jet baghouse without electrostatic enhancement.