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THE USE OF DNA MACROARRAYS TO EVALUATE THE EFFECTS OF ENVIRONMENTAL ESTROGENS ON WILDLIFE
Citation:
Folmar, L C., P. Larkin, M J. Hemmer, P. Poston, H. S. Lee, AND N D. Denslow. THE USE OF DNA MACROARRAYS TO EVALUATE THE EFFECTS OF ENVIRONMENTAL ESTROGENS ON WILDLIFE. In Proceedings, Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Pharmaceuticals and Endocrine Disrupting Chemicals in Water, Westerville, OH, October 09 - 11, 2001. National Ground Water Association, Westerville, OH, 9, (2001).
Impact/Purpose:
To illustrate that physiological responses are considerably more diverse than simple VTG induction, we have employed an emerging technology in the environmental sciences (DNA Macroarrays) to analyze livers from sheepshead minnows (Cyprinodon variegatusi exposed to the natural estrogen.
Description:
During the mid-1990s, several investigations in the United States and United Kingdom showed that wild fish of several species collected downstream of sewage treatment plants or industrial discharges presented expression of estrogen-responsive genes, or phenotypic sex reversal. Subsequently, numerous studies have shown up-regulation of vitellogenin and choriogenin proteins in male fish after exposure to natural estrogens, or estrogenic pharmaceutical, industrial and agricultural chemicals. In this study we have employed DNA macroarray technology to demonstrate a characteristic expression of several genes, including estrogen receptor a, vitellogenin a and b, choriogenins b and g, and transferrin in sheepshead minnows exposed to the natural estrogen, estradiol-17b.