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CHARACTERIZATION OF RESIDENTIAL EXPOSURE TO CHLORPYRIFOS AND DIAZINON
Citation:
Moschandreas, D. J., Y. Kim, S. Karuchit, H. Ari, M. D. Lebowitz, M. K. O'Rourke, S. M. Gordon, AND G L. Robertson. CHARACTERIZATION OF RESIDENTIAL EXPOSURE TO CHLORPYRIFOS AND DIAZINON. Presented at ISEA 2000 Exposure Analysis in the 21st Century: Integrating Science, Policy and Quality of Life, Monterey Peninsula, CA, October 24-27, 2000.
Impact/Purpose:
The primary objective of the NAFTA Border study was to determine if the population of the U.S./Mexico Border area of Arizona are more highly exposed to environmental contaminants than the residents of the state of Arizona as a whole. The NAFTA Border Study will also demonstrate the feasibility of using these measurement processes in future multimedia-multipathway studies along the U.S./Mexico Border.
Description:
Exposures to chlorpyrifos and diazinon in residential microenvironment in AZ were estimated using the indirect method of exposure calculation by combining measured concentrations in multiple media with time subjects spent indoors, dietary and non-dietary items they consumed, and areas they touched using the database generated by the NHEXAS-AZ study. Four-stage probability sampling design for sample selection, robust method for treatment of censored data, sampling weight for unbiased estimates of population parameters, and deterministic models for inhalation, dietary and non-dietary ingestion, and dermal exposures were used in this study. The distribution of in-residence exposure to chlorpyrifos and diazinon appears to be log-normal or nearly log-normal. Exposures to chlorpyrifos and diazinon vary by pesticide and route as well as by various demographic characteristics of the subjects. Comparisons of exposure to pesticides were investigated among subgroups of demographic categories, including gender, age, minority status, education, family income, household dwelling type, year the dwelling was built, pesticide use, and carpeted areas in the dwellings. From the hypothesis test, a clear pattern could not be established using exposure differences between several subpopulation groups. Depending on the route, several other determinants of exposure to pesticides were identified, including gender, family income, type of house structure, minority status, pesticide use during the sampling week, year dwelling was built, and others.
The U.S. EPA Office of Research and Development funded this research. The abstract was reviewed and approved. The presentation has not been reviewed.