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MEASURING THE TRANSPORT OF ENDOCRINE DISRUPTING DICARBOXIMIDES AND DEGRADATION PRODUCTS FROM THE SOIL TO THE LOWER TROPOSPHERE
Citation:
Vallero, D A., L Stockburger, J. L. Farnsworth, AND J. J. Peirce. MEASURING THE TRANSPORT OF ENDOCRINE DISRUPTING DICARBOXIMIDES AND DEGRADATION PRODUCTS FROM THE SOIL TO THE LOWER TROPOSPHERE. Presented at International POPs Workshop, Research Triangle Park, NC, October 5-7, 1999.
Impact/Purpose:
1) Develop methods of ecological exposure (e.g. rapid , sensitive analytical screening methods for a select list of antibiotics widely used in agriculture primarily in CAFOs (confined animal feeding operations).
2) Do Measurements & Provide data for multicompartment models of fate and transport.
3) Study biomagnification of specific chemicals and toxic metals.
4) Study specific pharmaceuticals:
*Determine the routes of entry and the impact of environmental factors such as rainfall on the movement and survivorability of selected antimicrobials in the environment.
*Determine if the entry of agriculture based antibiotics into the environment contributes to resistance in bacterial populations.
*Determine the contribution from municipal waste water treatment plants to antibiotic loading in the environment.
5) Develop methods for the analysis of alkylphenol ethoxylates and derivatives.
Description:
A method for measuring the atmospheric flux of a dicarboximide and its degradation products was investigated. A volatile gas laboratory chamber was modified to measure the flux of semi-volatile fungicides. Pesticide application systems and soil incorporation systems were designed and added to the chamber. The dicarboximides were collected using polyurethane foam plugs. A protocol was developed for chemical extraction, separation, and detection of dicarboximides. Concentration gradients were determined for semi-volatile organic compounds in a pesticide spray in the chamber. Experimental results demonstrated that polyurethane foam is an efficient trapping medium for dicarboximides. Sample flow rate is a major factor in the amount of dicarboximide mass breaking through the foam. Supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) was demonstrated to effectively remove the compounds from foam for chemical separation and detection. The SFE factors were optimized for recovering dicarboximides from porous media in the chamber. The factors varied by compound and type of porous media, but methanol modification appears to improve extraction efficiencies of soil-bound dicarboximides.