You are here:
GREENHOUSE GASES FROM SMALL-SCALE COMBUSTION DEVICES IN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES: PHASE IIA HOUSEHOLD STOVES IN INDIA
Citation:
GREENHOUSE GASES FROM SMALL-SCALE COMBUSTION DEVICES IN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES: PHASE IIA HOUSEHOLD STOVES IN INDIA. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, D.C., EPA/600/R-00/052, 2000.
Description:
This report presents a database containing a systematic set of measurements of the CO2, CO, CH4, TNMOC, N2O, SO2, NO2, and TSP emissions from the most common combustion devices in the world, household stoves in developing countries. A number of different stoves using 8 biomass fuels, kerosene, LPG, and biogas were examined � a total of 28 fuel/stove combinations. Since fuel and stove parameters were monitored as well, the database also allows examination of the trade-off of emissions per unit fuel mass, fuel energy, and delivered energy as well as construction of complete carbon balances. Confirming the preliminary results in the Manila pilot study, the database shows that solid biomass fuels are typically burned with substantial production of PIC (products of incomplete combustion). In addition, as has often been shown in the past, biomass stoves usually have substantially lower thermal efficiencies than those using liquid and gaseous fuel. As a result, the emissions of CO2 and PIC per unit delivered energy are considerably greater in the biomass stoves. In general, the ranking follows what has been called the �energy ladder� from lower to higher quality fuels, i.e., emissions decrease and efficiencies increase in the following order: dung-crop residues-wood-kerosene-gas. There are variations, however, depending on specific stove designs.