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CALCULATING THE PH OF CALCIUM CARBONATE SATURATION
Citation:
Pisigan, R. AND J. Singley. CALCULATING THE PH OF CALCIUM CARBONATE SATURATION. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, D.C., EPA/600/J-85/248.
Description:
Two new expressions for the pH of saturation (pH subs) were derived. One is a simplified equation developed from an aqueous carbonate equilibrium system in which correction for ionic strength was considered. The other is a more accurate quadratic formula that involves computerized calculation of pH subs and takes into account ionic speciation and an activity correction factor. Different methods of determining pH subs of 155 water samples were compared with the use of the Langelier equation, the Larson-Buswell formula, the two pH subs equations derived in the study, two mathematical models obtained from multivariate analysis, the WATSPEC2 computer program, and Caldwell-Lawrence diagrams.