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DISINFECTION EFFICIENCY AND RESIDUAL TOXICITY OF SEVERAL WASTEWATER DISINFECTANTS. VOLUME II. WYOMING, MICHIGAN
Citation:
Ward, R., R. Giffin, AND G. DeGraeve. DISINFECTION EFFICIENCY AND RESIDUAL TOXICITY OF SEVERAL WASTEWATER DISINFECTANTS. VOLUME II. WYOMING, MICHIGAN. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, D.C., EPA/600/2-77/203.
Description:
This study was conducted to determine the comparative effectiveness of chlorine, bromine chloride, and ozone as wastewater disinfectants, and to determine any residual toxicity associated with wastewater disinfection with these agents or with chlorinated wastewater which had been dechlorinated with sulfur dioxide. A stream of nondisinfected trickling filter effluent was pumped from the Wyoming, Michigan Wastewater Treatment Plant to the project's water treatment building. The supply of effluent was split into four streams, three of which were disinfected with either chlorine, bromine chloride, or ozone and then delivered to the bioassay laboratory for residual toxicity tests. The fourth stream was delivered directly to the bioassay laboratory for testing. In addition, a portion of the chlorinated effluent stream was dechlorinated with sulfur dioxide and then pumped to the bioassay laboratory. Total and fecal coliform densities, total suspended solids, volatile solids, COD, ammonia nitrogen, phosphate, turbidity, color, and pH were measured in the wastewater streams. Each of the five wastewater streams was tested for acute toxicity towards several species of fishes and invertebrates, and chronic toxicity in a life cycle study with the fathead minnow, Pimephales promelas, as the test subject.