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REMOVAL OF COLOR, DETERGENTS, AND OTHER REFRACTORY SUBSTANCES FROM TEXTILE WASTEWATER
Citation:
Kurbiel, J. REMOVAL OF COLOR, DETERGENTS, AND OTHER REFRACTORY SUBSTANCES FROM TEXTILE WASTEWATER. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, D.C., EPA/600/2-78/072.
Description:
The report gives results of laboratory and pilot scale research to determine the effectiveness and economic feasibility of various physicochemical tertiary treatments in removing color, detergents, and other refractory pollutants from textile wastewater that has been previously treated biologically with activated sludge. Tertiary treatments included filtration on single and dual media filters, conventional and contact coagulation, adsorption on granular activated carbon, oxidation with ozone, ion exchange on anionic and cationic resins, and hyperfiltration. Each treatment was investigated individually and in combined systems. Results indicate that all tertiary treatments were effective in removing individual pollutants. However, feasibility of the processes (determined by economic factors, energy consumption, and technical availability) differed considerably. Hyperfiltration is more energy intensive than the other tertiary treatments. Ion-exchange resulted in poor COD removal and a large amount of post-generation wastewater. The most effective combined tertiary treatment consisted of contact coagulation on upflow filters, followed by dual media filtrations. The filtrations were preceded by chlorination with NaOCl and followed by adsorption on activated carbon as the final step.