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ALKYL PHOSPHATE RESIDUE VALUES IN THE URINE OF FLORIDA CITRUS FIELDWORKERS COMPARED TO THE NATIONAL HEALTH AND NUTRITION EXAMINATION SURVEY (HANES) SAMPLE
Citation:
Griffith, J. AND R. Duncan. ALKYL PHOSPHATE RESIDUE VALUES IN THE URINE OF FLORIDA CITRUS FIELDWORKERS COMPARED TO THE NATIONAL HEALTH AND NUTRITION EXAMINATION SURVEY (HANES) SAMPLE. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, D.C., EPA/600/J-85/088 (NTIS PB85240828), 1985.
Description:
In a 1981 Florida citrus pesticide usage survey, it was found that substantial quantities of ethion, carbophenothion, malathion, and dioxathion are used on Florida citrus crops. Ethion is used for Snow scale and Rust mites; carbophenothion is used on Rust and Spider mites, Snow scale and other scale insects; malathion is used on Snow, Glover, and Yellow scale; and dioxathion on Rust mites. In Florida most spraying takes place from May through October, and again in February through March. In addition, diseases such as scab and melanose are controlled in Florida with oil/Benlate in June and July, depending on the time of bloom, with another spraying on dormant plants in February (Knapp, 1979).